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Breastfeeding basics - Newborn

Learning the art of breastfeeding takes time and patience. Here are some ideas to help you along the way.

How do I know if my baby is getting enough milk?

If your infant can be heard swallowing, you know he/she is getting your breast milk. How quickly a breast fed baby grows and gains weight is dependent on many things. Usually infants double their birth weight by 4-6 months of age. More than 10 percent of a baby's weight at birth is body fat, at about 2-4 months body fat maybe 31 percent. Infants should gain about 1/2 to 1 oz. a day initially. Genetic factors may also influence weight gain, growth and eventual adult height. Breast fed babies who are obtaining enough milk usually wet between 5 and 8 diapers every day.

Most medical providers want to follow your baby's weight gain and progress carefully at first; this will give you the opportunity to discuss any breastfeeding problems you have and to get help and advice if needed. If you are unsure whether or not your baby is getting enough milk contact your health professional or lactation specialist.

What are the benefits of breastfeeding my baby?

Breast milk contains all the nutrients a baby needs and its free.
Breast milk contains IGA antibodies which give an infant good protection against various infections.
Breast feeding also helps you re-gain your pre-pregnancy body.
Breast milk is convenient, readily available and never too hot, or too cold.
Some studies link breast feeding with fewer problems of developing allergies when a child is older. This may include asthma and eczema.

How often do I need to feed my baby?

Every infant has his/her own preference for how they best breast feed. A general suggestion is nursing every 2-3 hours the first 5-6 weeks. During the first week it is not uncommon for a baby to have about 12-15 feeds in a 24 hour cycle. Your baby is establishing your milk supply so these frequent feeds are designed to help the breasts get use to doing this. After a good milk supply is established, your baby may nurse every 3-4 hours. However, there will be periods when she wants to feed more often. Your baby does this to cue the breasts to make more milk to keep up with her growing body. Once the extra supply is established the feeds will decrease again. This cycle will occur periodically throughout your breastfeeding experience.

When your baby begins feeding she is taking in what is known as foremilk. This milk has a high water content and is designed to satisfy a baby's thirst. The foremilk is followed by the hindmilk which is rich in calories and will satisfy your baby's hunger. This is why it is important to let your baby feed for as long as she wants on the first breast before offering the other one. A routine involves a mother and infant getting to know each other, and when the mother is ready to nurse, and an infant is hungry for calories. This is a great time to get to know each other, and savor the warmth of a tiny one snuggled up to your breast.

What if I need to be away from my baby?

A number of helpful breast pumps are available to parents at pharmacies, and through Lactation Specialists in your area, check with them for further advice. Generally breast milk can be stored in the refrigerator for 5-7 days, and in the freezer for up to 6 months. It's good idea to wait until about 2-3 weeks before pumping breast milk as you and your baby are still establishing a feeding routine.

I am finding breastfeeding painful is this normal?

Initially breast tissue can be sensitive and painful as the infant has not yet nursed and the mother is still learning the process. It is a good idea to learn how to attach and detach your baby correctly to avoid soreness. Have your health practitioner show you how to do this during the first few days of breastfeeding. Ask for help with attachment every time you feed until you feel comfortable doing it correctly. This will avoid getting unnecessarily sore nipples before you leave the hospital. If your baby has not gotten a good mouthful of breast, your nipples can become very sore.

How long should I nurse at each feed?

There can be extremes of nursing time, generally one half an hour is sufficient for most infants once a supply and demand routine has been established by you and your baby. This may take several weeks to achieve. Make sure you nurse your baby on the first breast for as long as she wants so she gets the hindmilk. Offer the breast she didn't empty at the next feed.